Renal Cell Carcinoma

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment has been transformed by immune checkpoint inhibitors and VEGF/mTOR-targeted therapies. Combination immuno-oncology regimens — nivolumab + ipilimumab (CheckMate 214), pembrolizumab + axitinib (KEYNOTE-426), and lenvatinib + pembrolizumab (CLEAR) — dominate first-line therapy for intermediate- and poor-risk metastatic ccRCC. Cabozantinib, sunitinib, and pazopanib remain options, and everolimus addresses mTOR-pathway tumors and non-clear-cell histologies.

Approved drugs, investigational agents, and relevant clinical trials for this disease area.

Approved Drugs for Renal Cell Carcinoma

• Sunitinib (Sutent) — Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor
• Pazopanib (Votrient) — Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor
• Cabozantinib (Cabometyx) — Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor
• Nivolumab (Opdivo) — Checkpoint Inhibitor
• Ipilimumab (Yervoy) — Checkpoint Inhibitor
• Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) — Checkpoint Inhibitor
• Axitinib (Inlyta) — Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor
• Lenvatinib (Lenvima) — Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor
• Everolimus (Afinitor) — Other
• Belzutifan (Welireg) — HIF-2α Inhibitor